European Imperialism :: essays research papers

By the 1900's, Europe was at that point in progress with its imperialistic triumphs abroad. Settlements were strongly taken and lacking countries were cut separated by supposed "racial crusaders", who were determined to acculturate the boorish. Alongside development, notwithstanding, came maltreatment from the attacking forces. These defects in European strength can without much of a stretch be noted, particularly while looking at Africa and Asia; the outcomes, sometimes, being passing by the thousands. In this manner, due to these and other serious activities during their control of the world, Europeans ought to be censured for their maltreatment of intensity. The main country which will be talked about is China, from the mainland of Asia. The British had their eyes on China, since the time the limited populace of shippers in Gwangzhou exchanged with the nearby syndication of organizations. Britain had two significant explanations behind their advantage: first, Chi nese silver was wanted by the realm in light of its high worth. Second, Britain had an overflow of Opium, a medication developed in India, and it required tremendous quantities of individuals to buy it. China exchanged calmly albeit hesitantly with Britain, until the administration saw the antagonistic impacts of the medication on its kin. The opium exchange was then prohibited immediately by the Chinese government. The substance, be that as it may, was as yet carried into the nation. The Chinese government went up against the British with respect to the sneaking and this started the Opium War (1899-1902). England walloped the sub-par maritime power and won the fight. Presently, Britain was not just allowed to degenerate the Chinese individuals with their opium, however they added a state to their domain: the huge, rich port city of Hong Kong. This maltreatment of the individuals for their very own benefit is an away from of one of the numerous imperfections in European strength. Th e second country which will be talked about is Sudan, from the mainland of Africa. Sudan was not a military, financial, or political danger to Britain. It was blocking, be that as it may, British mastery of Africa and forestalling the addition of progressively political force for the domain. Along these lines, it must be won. The Sudanese populace was to a great extent Muslim and opposed English principle. It needed to be administered by individuals of the ethnic lion's share and would battle to the passing to "rid the universe of evil"(Ahmad*). From the start, the radicals were fruitful. Afterward, the British joined into the war a weapon of mass devastation: the assault rifle.

Service Business Management for Edward Elgar-myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theService Business Management for Edward Elgar. Answer: Presentation The article clarifies in detail the issue of questionable review by evaluating firms which has become an issue of extraordinary worry by financial specialists. The paper talks about the different contextual investigations that have molded misrepresentation in reviewing of fiscal summaries by autonomous evaluators. Disappointment by the inspectors to direct an exhaustive review on organizations' has come about to gigantic misfortunes by significant organizations all around. The paper grows that the absence of appropriate enactment putting increasingly lawful duty on the examiner in the event that they offer unfit input on the fiscal summaries and they later go to be misrepresentation. Tesco utilized dodgy bookkeeping to overstate their budgetary outcomes with the goal that speculators could be attracted into purchasing the organizations' stock. The organization was seen as have exaggerated the discount pay and consequently misrepresenting the incomes of the organization. The other ins pecting firms additionally neglected to recognize misrepresentation at Colonial bank which wound up getting wiped out. Enron and WorldCom embarrassment was the most mainstream of these cases and it turned into the greatest bookkeeping disappointment ever (Zimmermann Werner, 2013). This incited the definition of new laws administering evaluating. This paper dissects the jobs and duty of reviewers in some random association. The paper likewise examines guidelines and deregulations in bookkeeping just as the effect. My perspective on the paper The paper breaks down the significant cases in inspecting extortion and the aftereffects of dodgy reviewing exercises. Inspecting is an extremely touchy procedure in an association and thusly it is significant that examiners are exceptionally careful in their work. The reviewing of an organizations fiscal summaries must be finished with the enthusiasm of the investors at the cutting edge. The large four evaluating organizations all around have been confronted a by a progression of situations where the organizations have given a spotless record on the monetary records of an association while there is a great deal of misrepresentation, misquote, and exclusions in the budget reports (Welytok, 2008).The reviewing organizations will in general make a warm relationship with the organizations. The organizations give attractive charges to the reviewing organizations and subsequently they wind up trading off the measures of inspecting and consequently prompting an expansion in these cases. A few inspectors are actually answerable for the wreckage and they should be legitimately liable for the extortion and the deceptive fiscal summaries examined by their parent organizations'. The administrative body which is the Auditing and Assurance Standards Board should put increasingly severe measures to guarantee that the enthusiasm of the investors is ensured. The enactment should put individual legitimate duty on the evaluators to who completed the review. This would help in expanding ability and polished skill in evaluating calling in order to guarantee that careful review is led on the organizations and consequently expanding the certainty of clients of the fiscal reports who presently have lost confidence in the outside examiners( Great britain.2011). The inspectors need to guarantee that the organizations' don't favor budget summaries that are loaded with extortion. The examining enormous reviewing firms additionally need to assume liability and increase present expectation s on inspecting principles in order to spare the speculators from the immense misfortunes that they have caused because of deceiving evaluated budget summaries. Basic assessment of job and duty of the reviewer The reviewers have an exceptionally huge obligation in ensuring the interests of investors and other significant partners of the customer organization. The outside reviewers assume an exceptionally basic job in examining and approving the fiscal summaries of the customer organization. The evaluated fiscal reports of an organization are critical to the loan specialists of funds and different banks. On the off chance that one of these partners understands that the evaluator neglected to identify material errors in budget reports. This gives an awful impact on the bookkeeping firm and the organization being reviewed. The terrible exposure may come because of this disappointment and it might wind up being expensive to the organization itself and the evaluating firm (Stachowicz-stanusch, Amann mMangia, 2017) It is along these lines significant that reviewers joined to a specific inspecting firm must know about the norms set by the administrative bodies and the organization itself. Coming up next are the significant obligations and obligations of examiners; The inspectors are liable for giving a sentiment on the budget summaries arranged by the organization. The outer chiefs are responsible for guaranteeing that the fiscal summaries arranged by the bookkeeping division of an organization are in accordance with the bookkeeping standards and norms specified in the International assemblage of bookkeeping and the Australian Accounting Standards Board (BrysonDaniels, 2015). The outer inspector isn't answerable for setting up the announcements. They investigate and guarantee that what is recorded in the fiscal summaries is the perfect thing before offering an input on the money related reports. For this job to be played consummately, the reviewer should be exceptionally expert and autonomous. The inspector have the job of assessing and understanding the inner control framework. This causes the reviewer to comprehend the significant escape clauses in the interior control framework. This will likewise assist the evaluator with identifying the most dangerous regions and rank them properly (Doyran, 2011). This will assist with comprehension the The examiner has a duty of understanding the element and the earth which the substance works. The evaluator needs to comprehend the idea of the business in which the organization is working in. The reviewer likewise needs to comprehend the difficulties looked in the working condition of the organization and comprehend the things that are at the center of the organizations tasks (Pietra, McleayRonen, n.d.). This will be significant for the examiners to lead hazard evaluation for the organization and contrast it and different organizations in the business before choosing how to approach their bookkeeping work. The evaluator likewise needs to acquire adequate material proof when making a supposition on the budget reports. The nature of proof gathered by the examiner is likewise significant in maneuvering up the conclusion communicated by the creator. The evaluators have a duty of being autonomous all through the examining task. They ought to guarantee that their freedom isn't undermined at whatever cost. The review firms ought not have a monetary enthusiasm for the organization which is the customer. This will guarantee that all the records are explored altogether and a reasonable and genuine conclusion is communicated by the reviewer (Klikauer, 2012). This assists with raising the validity and confirmation of the outer review. The inspector has an obligation of testing the documentation and supporting adjusts of records. The preliminary adjusts of the organization and other testing documentation must be researched by the evaluator. The inspector likewise needs to watch and affirm the physical stock to guarantee that what is recorded in the fiscal reports is really what exists genuinely. Freedom of inspectors The issue of freedom of either the outside or the inner examiner is exceptionally basic. This is on the grounds that the inspectors are required to research the fiscal summary by the organization and make a fair and genuine sentiment on the budget summaries. The examiners should be free from parties whether organizations or people who have a money related enthusiasm for the organization that is reviewed. The outer inspector should be autonomous from the organizations or the substances that have an enthusiasm for the budget summaries of a specific element (Hill Rae, 2010). The autonomy of an evaluator is at the center of the code of morals of the bookkeeping calling and each examining firms code of morals. This is on the grounds that the job of inspectors in an organization is to examine budget summaries autonomously without preferring any of the gatherings intrigued by the monetary outcomes. The autonomy of the examiner implies that the clients of the inspected budgetary records will have expanded trust in the outcomes. The outrages experienced since the year 2000, for example, the Enron embarrassment has provided reason to feel ambiguous about the freedom of the evaluators. This is on the grounds that as talked about for the situation examines, it is seen that the biggest inspecting organizations have submitted bookkeeping disappointments that have been exorbitant to the organizations and the financial specialists (Beattie, FearnleyHines, 2011). Some evaluating firms have conspired with the organizations they are reviewing to convince them to bargain the examining guidelines in order to suit material misquotes and issue unfit sentiment on the monetary reports. New guidelines should be set up to cause the organizations to hold fast to the standard of autonomy and consequently upgrade the certainty that gatherings have on examined budget summaries. Guidelines and deregulations There are a lot of changes in guidelines that have been made to laws in the evaluating division to help diminish the disappointments that have been seen throughout the years. The review/bookkeeping disappointments saw since the year 2001 has required a start to change the guidelines of the business and the calling to help increment certainty among the clients of examined budget summaries. A portion of these progressions have included critical evacuation of certain guidelines which meddle with the capacity of the evaluators to convey a valid and reasonable feeling on a companys fiscal reports. There has been a call for organizations to change examiners routinely. There has been recommendations that an examiner ought to be given a contact of ten years after which their exhibition can be reestablished to assesses whether they are the best choice. In the US, the Sarbanes - Oxley Act was actualized to manage the issue of irreconcilable situation on the

What Kind of Essay Topics Should You Avoid?

What Kind of Essay Topics Should You Avoid?Like most students, you will probably be looking for the best kind of essay topics to write in. In this article, I will discuss what you should avoid when writing your school essays. After all, these topics could change as you get older and more experienced.The first thing you want to avoid is trying to be creative. I know that everyone wants to write something original but try as you might, it just doesn't work. With most subjects, there is a better alternative you can use. For example, if you were writing an essay about a book you recently read, you wouldn't want to write about how much you liked the book.You also want to avoid writing about anything you might not know a lot about. I know it sounds obvious, but it's true. The reason for this is because you want to show how confident you are. If you have a strong opinion about something, don't be afraid to voice it. But if you have no idea what you're talking about, you don't want to come a cross as pretentious.Another thing you want to avoid is writing as if you know everything. No matter how much you may be able to articulate or what you know about a topic, it will not impress your reader or make you seem intelligent.One other thing you want to avoid is writing based on what people say you should do. Sometimes your advisor or supervisor might encourage you to write something like this, but it will ultimately end up having the opposite effect.Last, but not least, you want to avoid writing about things that are not relevant to your readers. This is more than just a bad style, it is detrimental to your entire essay.Once you have started looking for essay topics, you will most likely run into a number of these problems and must-write-this-article-and-you-have-no-idea-what-I'm-talking-about. However, these two examples were far from the worst offenders, and hopefully these tips will help you avoid them as well.Hopefully, with a little research, you will be able to find a few kindred essay topics for your class that you won't have to worry about. Good luck!

The Ethics Case Study Assignment - 1343 Words

er Ethics Case Study Assignment 1. Overview Of the Corporation: †¢ WorldCom is a company built on telecommunications in the United States. WorldCom was invented in 1963 and the MCI WorldCom was established in 1998. During the 1990’s, WorldCom was a fast growing company in terms of their telecommunication services. The company started to supply long distance calling in 1983 and was considered the fourth best phone providing business. It was very effective due to the quality and quantity of services they provided such as internet, data and other telecommunications. In 2002, WorldCom was able to achieve the second largest phone provider until a severe conflict appeared. The problem involved such accounting scandals which were unethical†¦show more content†¦However, the operating expenses account on the balance was not subtracted by the revenue and was recorded to the capital account. †¢ The effect on the company was they went under bankruptcy. The company being at the second best position lost its rank and basically fell under a dark whole. They had to pay many debts such as paying $750 million dollars to the company called security and exchanges and also stocks to the MCI. They also had to refine $30 billion in debt, and were competing over this amount due to the high value. This affected investors because it had an impact on their money (they also went under loss). It took the people 3 years to find out about the accounting scandals of WorldCom. From 1999 to 2002 their unethical accounting actions were recorded and these eventually lead to many consequences. The company was able to hide their scandals by keeping their expenses concealed; increasing/raising their bank amount rates and displaying false profit values lead by the CEO’s. 3. Relate to GAAP’S: †¢ The accounting gaps that were affected were the matching principle and the revenue recognition principle. The expenses account on the income statement must match with the revenue account on the income statement. The company WorldCom did not display matching principle because the expenses they had a hold of were not recorded in the expense account. Instead, WorldCom recorded it in the capital account, which affects the revenue, the expenses, and the capital account ofShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Ethics934 Words   |  4 PagesManagerial Ethics †¢ Identify typical ethical problems of managers. †¢ Recognize differences in ethical behavior and responsibility between an employee and a manager. Course Assignments 4. Readings †¢ Read Ch. 6 7 of Managing Business Ethics. †¢ Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. 5. Learning Team Instructions †¢ Begin preparing for the Ethics in the Workplace Case Study Action Plan Presentation due in Week Five by reading one of the following case studies from ManagingRead MoreBus309 Assignment Essay1012 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 1: Not All Companies Are Viewed as Equal Due Week 4 and worth 175 points In the land of free trade, the public does not view all industries as equal. Do you believe that is ethical? Do you believe that some industries are unfairly targeted? Should it be consumers’ choice to partake in products that are not healthy for them, or do those companies have an ethical obligation to protect people? In this assignment, you will choose one (1) industry to write about. Possible industries to researchRead MoreSample Resume : Campus Enrolment1174 Words   |  5 Pages Assignment Cover Sheet College of School of Student name: Ruhaan Kanpurwala Student number: 17461043 Unit name and number: Professional Practice 300053 Tutorial group: Tutorial day and time: Lecturer/Tutor: Dr. Ragbir Bhathal Title of assignment: Assignment 1: Essay Length: Date due: 21/08/15 Date submitted: Campus enrolment: UWS Kingswood Declaration: ï  ± I hold a copy of this assignment if the original is lost or damaged. ï  ± I hereby certify that no partRead MoreReflective Analyses of Ethical Principles and Applications Essay1040 Words   |  5 PagesReflection The intended learning outcome for the CONR 638: Ethics and Conflict Resolution Course offered at Abilene Christine University, (ACU) according to the course syllabus, was to prepare students â€Å"to reach a higher critical and reflective consciousness of the relationship of ethics to decision-making and problem solving in conflict resolution† (ACU, 2010). By learning to think on a higher plain, students are placed in a position to better adapt to different alternative dispute resolutionRead MoreAcademic Plagiarism And Academic Dishonesty932 Words   |  4 Pagesnotes and study guide for the chapter test that day? Lack of preparation is a huge contributor to academic dishonesty. Forgetting to study can cause those who would not usually cheat to stoop low and look at someone else s work. Some students rely on cheating to make their way through high school or college. Academic dishonesty is a way lazy students take advantage of hard working students. Whether the academic dish onesty is caused because of the lack of preparation, a poor work ethic, or by havingRead MoreEthical Issue And The Ethical Dilemma882 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Ethics Introduction In this week’s assignment, we have been asked to identify an ethical issue presented in the Devise Products Unlimited (DPU) case study. First we will discuss the issue and the ethical dilemma it creates. Next we will look at possible recommendations for the DPU CEO to handle this issue. The Ethical Issue First, let’s start by looking at what the ethical issue that DPU is facing. The issue that I have chosen to focus on is issue two from the case study: DPURead MoreEthics And The Ethical Standards For Human Service Professionals870 Words   |  4 PagesCourse Reflection Paper Ethics In Human Services. When I entered this class I did not know anything about ethics or what it meant. I learned so many thing that it would take to long to list them all. I do understand the Ethics Code and the Ethical Standards for Human Service Professionals. That is one think I will have to always have with me and if I need to have a cheat sheet to look back on as I move forward. My biggest challenge was my grammar as I need to continue to work on this through outRead MoreStrategic Management and Case Study981 Words   |  4 PagesAssessment One – Case Study 2014 Due date: 18th July 2014, at 6:00 p.m. QUESTION TOPIC MARKS 1 Vision, Mission and Strategy 20 2 SWOT Analysis 15 3 PESTLE 20 4 Leadership, Culture and Ethics 20 5 Mission and Staff Engagement 20 6 Formatting and Referencing 5 TOTAL MARKS: 100 Student ID NorthTec reserves the right to use electronic means to detect and help prevent plagiarism. Students agree that when submitting this assignment, it may be subjectRead MoreCase Study : Copyright And Intellectual Property Consideration849 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction: After I read three interesting cases, I have decided to select case study 3 – Copyright and intellectual property consideration as my chosen for assignment 1. The background of this case study 3 is: Isabelle is a quite good programmer in developing software, who is working in a small company, and her manager is Phillip. Recently, Isabelle develops a new user interface for remote aboriginal communities, and the new system wins a great success. Isabelle’s host company rewarded herRead MoreDeveloping A Graduate Course On Clinical Supervision Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pageson this subject. Therefore, it was important for me to start the course with an overview of clinical supervision and its research. From there, I included specific areas of supervision that align with Saybrook’s mission. Examples of those areas are ethics, multiculturalism, and the humanistic approach to supervision. In reviewing literature on clinical supervision, I was exposed to various approaches (see Bernard Goodyear, 2014). Although, contents of literature did not greatly surprise me, they

Forms of Industrial Organization - 2091 Words

FORMS OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION Forms of Industrial Organization Forms of Industrial Organization Introduction According to McConnell and Brue â€Å"Economists group industries into four distinct market structures: pure competition, pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. These four market models differ in several respects: the number of firms in the industry, whether those firms produce a standardized product or try to differentiate their products from those of other firms, and how easy or how difficult it is for firms to enter the industry† (McConnell Brue, 2005, chap. 21). As part of the MBA/501 course the learning team is tasked with identifying a company for each market structure, and describe the pricing†¦show more content†¦ATT was broken up into the Bell companies in â€Å"1974 by the U.S. Department of Justice antitrust suit against the monopoly† (From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia). Today ATT has become a competitor vying for control of the telecommunications industry. â€Å"In monopolistic competition, there are many firms vying for contr ol of one market. Each firm offers a different type of product, as opposed to perfect competition in which all offer the same product. Each firm, then, has a monopoly in the market of their own product†(Oracle ThinkQuest Education Foundation) ATT in 1988 began purchasing stock in Sun Microsystems to begin its diversity in product services. Throughout the 90s ATT continued purchasing more computer companies and cell phone companies to gain market share in the growing telecommunication industry (CyberStreet). Good pricing structures align with costs. ATT Wireless realized that the marginal cost of a cellular minute was small compared to the cost of acquiring and maintaining customers. Their switch to a flat fee â€Å"One-Rate† plan was a huge success, stealing heavy users away from the competition. Prices increased for light users and many became hooked on the cellular lifestyle (Lake Partners Strategy Consultants, Inc. [LPSCI], 2001-2004). ATT has seen that the ability to change quickly in the ever-evolving telecommunications market will help in gain market share. Its ability to see the value in keeping customers ratherShow MoreRelatedEssay on Forms Of Industrial Organizations897 Words   |  4 PagesForms of Industrial Organizations Based on production and selling environment economists group industries into market structures. There are four basic market structures namely: (1) pure competition, (2) monopoly, (3) oligopoly, and (4) monopolistic. Differentiating factors of the four markets include, ease of entrance or exit, the number of firms within the industry, and availability of substitutions. It is not uncommon for a market to begin as one type of structure and evolve into anotherRead MoreAssignment on Industrial Relations, Bangladesh1076 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary: Industrial relations is used to denote the collective relationships between management and the workers. Traditionally, the term industrial relations is used to cover such aspects of industrial life as trade unionism, collective bargaining, workers’ participation in management, discipline and grievance handling, industrial disputes and interpretation of labor laws and rules and code of conduct. The term industrial relations explain the relationship between employees andRead MoreImpact Of National Industrial Law And Regulation On The Botswana Public Service1249 Words   |  5 PagesHow have changes to national industrial law and regulation reshaped industrial relations in the Botswana public service? Introduction The issues of industrial relations come from the early times. Today, these issues form part of the day to day management activities within private, public and all other types of organizations. Week in week cases are made at industrial courts that related employer employee relations matters. The statutory instruments such as industrial relations laws, dispute actsRead MoreINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES745 Words   |  3 PagesINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES Industrial Relations Introduction †¢ relations which are the outcome of the employment relationship in an industrial enterprise †¢ every industrial relations system creates a complex of rules and regulations to govern the work place and work community †¢ main purpose: to maintain harmonious relations between labour and management by solving their problems through collective bargaining †¢ the government/state shapes industrial relations with the help ofRead MoreEssay on Introduction to Industrial Engineering643 Words   |  3 PagesIndustrial engineering is how to design, process, and install manufacturing system and industrial management in order to get a good performance. Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design, improvement and installation of integrated system of men, materials and equipment. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skills in the mathematical, physical sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtainedRead MoreOrganizational Psychology Paper Psy 428924 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational psychology is the study of a formal organization and how individuals and groups act within that organization; in other words, the scientific study of the workplace. The goal of organizational psychology is to help organizations function the best way p ossible. This is achieved by helping people understand their interactions with each other and create an environment where everyone can work together to accomplish important goals. When an organization is successful, the employees have better jobRead MoreIntellectual Property And Computing Technology1207 Words   |  5 PagesIntellectual Property refers to any original creative work manifested in a substantial form that can be protected. When an intellectual property right is mentioned, it refers to controlling the manner in which intellectual property is used, distributed or accessed. The intellectual property right is enforced by the World Intellectual Property Organization which is an organ of the United Nations. The organization holds that intellectual property rights are those rights that a person has over theirRead MoreThe Relationship Between Employers Organisations and the State in Nigeria1467 Words   |  6 PagesAN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYERSâ€℠¢ ORGANIZATIONS AND THE STATE IN NIGERIA BY ANYIAM, IJEOMA LUCRETIA DECEMBER 2009 INTRODUCTION According to J.T. Dunlop (1958), an industrial relations system is comprised of the following actors: * A hierarchy of managers and their representatives in supervision (or employers and their associations) * A hierarchy of workers and any spokesmen (the workers and their unions), and * Specialized government agencies (or the state) concernedRead MoreThe Pin Factory1106 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the reasons that hierarchies emerge in organizations? What about the roles and the nature of this emergence? Does this aid in structuring these organizations/work areas? In this essay, I will be relating the description of activities that take place in an early industrial pin factory from Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations to the organizing and structuring of work. The relation will be described done by examining the division and specialization of labour, requirements that lead to the need forRead MoreEmployee Industrial Relations and Strategic Hrm1301 Words   |  6 PagesEmployee industrial relations strategic HRM Employee industrial relations and strategic HRM plays an important role in how the organization manages its resources. There are many aspects of industrial relations and strategic HRM that impact employees. Following are few major ones. Engaging employees: Employee engagement is very important aspect of Industrial relations and strategic HRM. Employee engagement means putting employees first. As mentioned in an interview with Gary Burkett (managing

Early Uses Of Animal Experimentation - 1125 Words

Early Uses of Animals in Science: -Aristotle (384-322 BC), Erasistratus (304-258 BC), and Galen (129-217 AD) used animal experimentation to advance human understandings of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. -Ibn Zuhr (12th Century) tested surgical procedures on animals before applying them to human patients. Intro: Animal testing has always been a controversial topic. In the 17th century, it was argued that pain during vivisection (operations on live organisms) rendered results concerning animal physiology unreliable. Also, some believed that the benefit to humans did not justify the harm to animals. It was commonly believed that animals were so inferior and different to humans that results from animals were inapplicable to†¦show more content†¦Examples: Animal testing is crucial to new discovery. In 1921, Frederick Banting discovered insulin to be an effective treatment for diabetes. His initial research used dogs, and later, bovine sources were used to improve insulin supply. He won a Nobel Prize in 1923 for his work. Animal sources were essential to Banting’s discovery. Prior to insulin, diabetics were kept alive on a semi-starvation diet. Diabetic children rarely lived more than a year past diagnosis. With insulin and careful management of a diabetic’s diet, those with type one diabetes can expect to live a normal life. Insulin has saved the lives of countless individuals, and it would not have been discovered without the use of animals in research. http://jdrf.org/about-jdrf/fact-sheets/type-1-diabetes-facts/ http://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-life-expectancy.html Animal Testing is necessary to determine whether or not materials are safe for humans. More than a hundred people were killed when diethylene glycol (DEG) was used as a solvent in a drug preparation (it was used to add the raspberry flavour). Another such example took place in the 1950’s, when more than 10,000 children were born with missing limbs because of a drug taken for morning sickness. Neither of these drugs were tested on animals prior to their release. The Code of R’s attempts to reduce the impact of research on animals. Reduction entails the use of fewer animals in experiments. This is

Leadership and Change Management for Woolworths - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLeadership and Change Management for Woolworths Limited. Answer: Introduction Woolworths Limited is one of the topmost companies in Australia and has extensive areas of retail interest in several parts of Australia and also in New Zealand. Though the company had incurred a significant loss recently, the trust and the success of the company were not at all hampered. This is due to the fact that the company has succeeded in providing a good and a wide range of services to its customers. From the start of opening its new store to the present scenario, the company has gone a long way. The situation for the company was not always favourable but it was due to the proper management or leadership of the authorities and managers that Woolworths has achieved the stature it has reached at present. Leadership skills While understanding the leadership skills of the managers and the leaders of the Woolworths group, it is essential to keep in mind that it is their constant support, dedication and valuable inputs that have helped the company reach the heights it has achieved today. The industry dynamics can be static as well as evolving. The dynamics of the industry help in understanding the future performance of the industry in the different sectors it is present in. It is found according to popular studies and reports that the biggest of the retailers feel the pressure of numerous challenges on a daily basis as well as over a longer period of time. Of the few dominant retail giants and several other smaller competitors, the Woolworths Group is huge and has almost 30 million customers. The Woolworths industry has faced problems with the strategic management of the branding and made changes to the advertising agency framework. The organisation expects highly competitive market positions and concentrates on improvement of the supply chain productivity by the method of cost reduction. The organisation belongs to an industry where there is high risk as well as intensive competition. There are several existent theories of leadership including the situation theory, contingency theory, behavioural theory, participative theory and McGregor theory. The situational theory of leadership suggests that there is no particular leadership style by itself which is the best. It is dependent on the situation at hand, the people involved with whom the managers have to work and also the type of tasks and work at hand, including the several other factors which contribute towards the completion of the work (Doppelt, 2017). The contingency theory of leadership is a bit similar to the situational theory of leadership in the sense that it suggests that there is no single style of leadership and it has to be adapted to context and situation as well as the dynamics of the system. The nature of the people being led, the mindset of the leader, his mental strength as well as the tasks facing a particular group are different factors that influence a leadership role and responsibilities based on the contingency theory (Aaker Joachimsthaler, 2012). Behavioural theories of leadership focus on the study of particular characteristics of a leader, as the best predictor of leadership influences is a leader himself, and he is also the best possible determinant of his leadership success (Hornstein, 2015). Behaviours have a huge amount of possibility to be conditioned as different leaders are bound to have specific stimuli to specific circumstances. There are specifically two types of leaders according to the situation namely task oriented leaders as well as people oriented leaders. These leaders are not much concerned with the staff motivation but usually favour behaviours involving initiating, clarifying, organising as well as information gathering (Cameron Green, 2015). Another type of leaders are people oriented, who focus on satisfying the inner needs of the people who work with them. These leaders focus on staff motivation through emphasis on human relation. These leaders achieve goals by encouraging, observing, listening as wel l as coaching and mentoring their staff (Hayes, 2014). Participative leadership is a type of leadership style that takes into account t he suggestions as well as the ideas of others. The participative leadership is one in which leaders encourage all sorts of participation and contribution from group members and help them feel more accountable and committed to the decision making process (Matos Marques Simoes Esposito, 2014). In this particular leadership style the leader works in order to enhance the teamwork and ensure the improvement of communications among the employees and also better their morale (Hargreaves Fink, 2012). The McGregor Theory of leadership considers the assumption that there are two different types of leadership, style X and style Y. The authoritative style of leadership is the most important leadership style in style X, where system of work commitments rewards and punishments are incorporated. Theory Y comprises of the thought that different people have different needs and they can work towards their goals by the organisational objectives and they desire to gain the most by methods of rewards appreciation as well as motivation (Daft, 2014). In the backdrop of the Woolworths Company, it is to be noted that the company has been able to prosper due to proper guidance and management from the higher authority. The CEO Brad Banducci was instrumental, in the success of the Woolworths Company and had significant traits which are worth studying. He has always been a huge performer and has dominated whatever category of responsibilities he has been assigned with. The CEO, Banducci is a fitness enthusiast and also desires to bring about a zen-like approach to the steady improvement of the supermarket business of Woolworths. He has adopted several plans for bringing about the desired supremacy of the Woolworths Group. There are several reasons which contribute to the success of Brad Banducci as a leader. He has been educated as well as experienced in the retailing forte as many of the commerce lessons where experienced quite early in his life. He is extremely well educated and possesses degrees in law as well as commerce. He possessed the qualities of being argumentative as well as logical from a very early age and this made him even more successful as a CEO (Northouse 2015). The different types of leadership being discussed it can be said that the Woolworths company is such a type of organisation which demands active engagement with the people and also needs to give proper motivation to the employees and the group members. The members of the group also need to be aware of the company state at all times and should be asked for valuable suggestions which are a characteristic of participative leadership. The CEO Brad Banducci fulfils his role promptly and always tries to maintain the culture of the company. It will be wrong to pinpoint therefore on a single leadership style which best suits the company. Instead it might be said clearly that the best traits of leadership need to be incorporated taking help of the models and the CEO, managers as well as the people in other authoritative positions need to successfully establish the company in a top position and lead it to heights of global success (Goleman, Boyatzis McKee, 2013). It should be a duty of the leaders to maintain a balance between the concepts of transactional as well as transformational leadership in order to improve the leadership activities and responsibilities suitably. It needs to be understood that a balance is necessary between getting work done and motivating the employees and members of each group to perform better which are mentioned in transactional and transformational leadership styles. An important aspect of organisational performance improvement is the overcoming barriers for change. In this connection, anticipating the change barriers is an important step. In case of large organisations often it becomes difficult to maintain a connection between the topmost positions and the workers at the bottom levels. In order to overcome this issue, the managers at the topmost authoritative positions need to hire intermediary managers to overcome such barriers in the communisation which might negatively impact the overall performance of the organisation and it might continue to operate with inherent flaws in the internal management system. Conclusion From a proper study of the Woolworths organisation, it being a retail chain having extensive services all around Australia and even New Zealand has been able to maintain and improve its position with each passing day due to the successful leadership abilities of its managers and the skilled and high level performance of the workers in all the centres. 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